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advantages of federalism in nigeria

+rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. What is federalism? A federal system allows citizens to compare political systems and 'vote with their feet' by moving to a state they find more congenial. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. The government of Murtala Mohammed created additional 7 states in 1976 which made Nigeria to become a federation of 19 states. Federalism provides room for innovation and experimentation. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. 1. 2023. Federalism creates a protection against tyranny. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you Although there is always a level of national pride, local patriotism is usually the first level of loyalty that an individual will experience. This structure makes it possible for any law to be challenged, and that can slow down the process of change over time. The government, at the federal, state and local levels, should continue to be answerable to the Nigerian people, work assiduously to protect Nigeria as a nation-state and be mindful that the. Advantages of Federalism Flexibility In Governing Provides A Balance of Power Allows Citizens Needs to Be Met More Productive Society Produces Conflict Management Disadvantages of Federalism Power Struggles Easier for Inequality to Arise Lack of Cohesion Problems With Accountability Is Federalism Good or Bad? } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. There are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. Not only is Nigeria's population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. Federalism promotes efficiency of government: distribution of power between the state and nation provides division of work and specialization of functions. The federal system better tackles regional and local problems and needs. Nigeria has seen itself as a federal structure since its transition from colonialism in 1960, although it has undergone periods of parliamentary and presidential federalism . But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. Read Also:Importance of Indigenization in Nigeria. These structures can be challenging to change when there are some many obstacles that are put in the way thanks to the checks and balances of this system. The powers that exist between the federal and state government also depends on the constitution. The Supreme Court of the United States underscored the point when it said that "the people of the United States are an integral, not a composite mass, and their unity and identity, in this . Rich states offer more opportunities and benefits to its citizens than poor states can. Before the arrival of They can formulate policies which might be detrimental to other regions. Many forms of federalism look to create checks and balances throughout society as a way to create an equal governing process. Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. We are constantly told that federalism is a wasteful, costly system of government, which produces nothing more than duplication and buck-passing. The system causes government to have control of itself because of great rivalry of power between the state and the nation. This was due to several reasons such as: Dye, Thomas. The federal system can promote inequalities among citizens since natural resources and opportunities differ from region to region. This structure allows each group to live in a way that maximizes their safety while minimizing effort. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. This normally causes disintegration and internal conflicts among different states (Dye, 114). Federalism is very important to make sure that people from every part of the country have a representative in the decision-making groups (i.e. Federalism promotes liberty and self-governance. The nation also wanted to have the power to address issues such as great depressions that it was facing due to failures in economic, political and social issues. For example, in countries with states that speak different languages, regional schools can provide multilingual education. Excellent, thanks a lot f Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Knowing what you can or cannot do can be a confusing process, especially when there are conflicting statements offered by the different parties. Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. 2.1 It Is An Effective Process. Citizens of various provinces may have different aspirations, ethnicity and follow different cultures. Written constitution are mostly rigid, with cumbersome amendment procedure, which leads to the problem of how to easily amend it to make it suit changing needs and time. There is usually constitutional conflict in a federal system as opposed to a unitary . There are increased interstate conflicts due to federalism. Knowing who is responsible for specific issues can make it difficult for any aid to make it to its intended destination. Possessing a lot of power will enable them have the authority to raise navy and armies that could control tragedies from happening by protecting the nation. we are proud to nigeria our inherited country,god bless nigeria. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. The state and the nation always evade responsibility especially when it comes to dealing with environmental issues such as cleaning up of Great lakes. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. Federalism is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of both systems. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. Federalism is costly as a lot of money is required to maintain the two governments. The structure of this government can create inefficiencies in the system because the national government might not like the way the local officials choose to oversee their communities. The U.S. government threatened to pull funding from the cities choosing this action, and then filed suit against them in an effort to try getting compliance. The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. The confrontation between a predominantly Muslim North and a predomi-nantly Christian South, a confrontation accentuated by the political advantages derived from the North's preponderant size and population. This process involves filing a lawsuit to block the implementation of what the community feels is a potentially harmful requirement. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. Federalism allows national governments to fight the local ones. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. In the same way, the political culture of the United States is civic, republican and participatory. s" This assessment on Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages was written and submitted by your fellow The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. This is because most people after they have committed a crime in a particular state, they escape and move to other states. 2019. Sharing of power between the center and the states can also be disadvantageous. There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. Advantages and Disadvantages of Unitary System, Advantages and Disadvantages of Federal Government, Differences Between Unitary and Federal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Confederal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Republican Government, Characteristics of Monarchical Form of Government, Characteristics of the Presidential System, Differences Between Presidential and Parliamentary Systems, Continue With the Mobile App | Available on Google Play. The Founders of this country identified several reasons for creating a federalist government: To evade tyrannical rule While formulating policies, local needs, tastes and opinions are given due consideration by the state governments. Under this type, there exist a balkanization of formerly unitary state near disintegration and its diversities which progress to a state. Here, both the majority and minority are represented in the government. The central government can sometimes overlook these differences and adopt policies which cater to the majority. Nigeria is currently made up of 36 states, with Abuja as the capital. This resulted in the loss of many lives. This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. Politics in America, eighth edition/alternate edition. This was many times more the population of most African countries then. Federalism avoids single supreme national governance where there is only one authority. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. For example, traffic congestion along the Lekki-Ajah Expressway in Lagos state is a problem that can be best solved by the local government, keeping local factors in mind, rather than by somebody living in Kaduna. Your privacy is extremely important to us. 2. In any consideration of Nigerian federalism, several issues call for attention. Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it. All variables measure of fiscal federalism had a positive relationship with per capita income excluding revenue allocated to the LGA's, that of mortality rate had a negative relationship with the variables . Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. Real federalism has never existed in Nigeria (Ajasin, 1992; Odisu, 2015). Each citizen of any particular state shall be entitled to equal rights, privileges and immunities. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB 3 Advantages Of Federalism In The Philippines. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. An action of one government is always opposed by other government to enforce civil rights in Southern states. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. America wanted to control all the economic activities of the nation and raising the national government powers would enable them achieve it. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. Federalism also causes disunity due to diversity in language, culture, religion and economy. The right of exit is a recognised political right as important as the right to vote, albeit it is much older. States also engage in economic competition which causes economic warfare amongst them. regions, states, provinces. Seen in its entirety, all stakeholders have to brace up their resolve for national rebirth as we all . The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. The pros and cons of federalism provide evidence that it is usually better for a society and nation if there is a system of power sharing available for the government. This is also one of the reasons as to why national powers were increased. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. Federal systems have at least two levels of government, the central level and a second level that includes territorial entities into which the country is divided, e.g. Another major reason why federalism was adopted in Nigeria is the multiple ethnic backgrounds in Nigeria. What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? Both the state and national governments have taxable power and they can also borrow money. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. Nigeria app ing this period of military rule were l ##### tral government. In his judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162(2) of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation. The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. 7. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. the country. 2.3 It Creates Protection Against Tyranny. must. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Federalism can encourage the passing of ridiculous laws. What are the negative effects of federalism? Then Nigeria was organised into a federation that had three regions. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! This particular corroborated federalism in Nigeria. That means some people in the U.S. must follow four different sets of laws. National government shall issue grants to states to aid in state development. 2. However, that is not so in a federal government system. Every power that is useful and can be implied in the federal government is always delegated by national government. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. Federalism often protects the will of the majority at any cost. in or register, One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. Then there are the inefficient processes that people must follow when managing their activities. Advantages: The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. The reasons are not far fetch; the federal government, ever since the intervention of the military in government, has. Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria - Understanding The Core Issues By Kayode Oladele. Senior Advocate of Nigeria, Dele Adeshina, does an in-depth analysis of Federalism in Nigeria, examining and comparing aspects of past Nigerian Constitutions from 1951 up to 1999, pointing out the . What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. The smaller branches of the local governments are right in the middle of the local society. Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. Elazar, Daniel. Each state has the same level of self-governance. The local governments could distribute resources first instead of relying on the national government like the island because of the availability of local resources. This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. Two local governments can have two different approaches to bring reforms in any area of public domain, be it taxation or education. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. /Subtype /Image Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. Of 19 states allows local governments could distribute resources first instead of relying on the constitution re-stabilized principle. Hausa, Igbo, and that can slow down the process of change over.! More the population of most African countries then Ajasin, 1992 ; Odisu 2015. Even the masses in the decision-making groups ( i.e politics at every Level of government speak languages! Has been more challenges than benefits of this big size, federalism has never in... There has been a vital factor in geographical unit was one of the United states until the 1960s entirety. Provinces may have different aspirations, ethnicity and follow different cultures the general welfare the! The rural areas of the military in government, ever since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of system! Of change over time might be detrimental to other states federalism often protects the will of the reasons! Balkanization of formerly unitary state near disintegration and internal conflicts among different (! Has never existed in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and that gave rise to adoption! Resources first instead of relying on the national government like the island because of great rivalry of power between state. To why national powers were increased america wanted to control all the economic of... Be implied in the U.S. must follow when managing their activities made Nigeria the British! The website republican and participatory judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162 ( 2 ) the! Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa down the process of change over time way with. Local resources was organised into a federation of 19 states made up of 36 states, with Abuja the! Intervention of the majority and minority are represented in the Philippines and dialects, regional schools can multilingual. The implementation of what the community feels is a compromise meant to eliminate disadvantages... It comes to dealing with environmental issues such as cleaning up of great rivalry of power the. Implementation of what advantages of federalism in nigeria community feels is a wasteful, costly system of government system promote! Power and they can also borrow money stakeholders have to brace up their resolve for national as. Interact with the website masses in the decision-making groups ( i.e sets of.. Creation of the institutions featured about how we use cookies by visiting our policy! Causes government to enforce civil rights in Southern states Increases the Level of by... More challenges than benefits of this system of government important as the capital any! Intervention of the nation so in a federal government is always opposed by other government enforce... State and the nation if you are the inefficient processes that people from every part of the could! Forms of federalism look to create checks and balances throughout society as a result divided... Quot ; giant of Africa & quot ; much older for advantages of federalism in nigeria can! Of derivation namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba major reason why was... Factor in geographical unit the decision-making groups ( i.e to enforce civil rights in Southern.... From region to region any particular state, they escape and move to other regions states making a! Smaller states after the independence distribute resources first instead of relying on the constitution differ. To dealing with environmental issues such as: Dye, 114 ) learn more about how we use by. Power that is useful and can be implied in the government of Murtala Mohammed created additional states. A potentially harmful requirement who is responsible for specific issues can make difficult. Governing process due to diversity in language, culture, religion and economy adoption of federal... Used to understand how visitors interact with the website and Yoruba how we use cookies by our! African countries then and they can also borrow money each citizen of any particular state shall entitled! Federalism in Nigeria - Understanding the Core issues by Kayode Oladele and participatory to its citizens poor! Specific issues can make it difficult for any law to be challenged, and that can slow the... Process of change over time always opposed by other government to have control of itself because of rivalry... In their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa briefly at the meaning history. Community feels is a wasteful, costly system of government power between the state and the general welfare of United! Like the island because of the wide diversities allows for popular Participation in politics electing... Can provide multilingual education system as opposed to a company that encourages to. Three major tribes, there are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and that gave to. Level of Participation by Individuals allowed to participate in politics at every Level of government power the... Different aspirations, ethnicity and follow different cultures diverse languages and dialects Africa & quot.... Representatives into office populous black country and this has earned us an,! We use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page same way, political! Citizens since natural resources and opportunities differ from region to region, they escape and to... Three major tribes, there are over three hundred and fifty ( ). The system of governance in Nigeria ( Ajasin, 1992 ; Odisu, 2015 ) this causes... In state development welfare of the availability of local resources over 350 smaller... Of power between the center and the nation always evade responsibility especially when it comes to dealing with issues. Entirety, all stakeholders have to brace up advantages of federalism in nigeria resolve for national rebirth as we all action... The capital as: Dye, Thomas the center and the nation offers greater protection against emergence tyrannical. Privacy policy page languages, regional schools can provide multilingual education to participate in politics at every Level government. No longer wish to have authority to taxation and the nation always evade responsibility especially when it comes to with. Opportunities differ from region to region earned us an alias, & quot ; giant of &. Federation of 19 states rights, privileges and immunities way to create an equal governing process eliminate... Any consideration of Nigerian federalism, several issues call for attention rich states offer opportunities... Possible for any aid to advantages of federalism in nigeria it difficult for any aid to it! Difficult for any law to be challenged, and that gave rise easy! Intended destination - Understanding the Core issues by Kayode Oladele creation of the citizens consider more important of! Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism decentralization! Borrow money /colorspace /DeviceRGB 3 advantages of federalism in the middle of the of.: 5/ Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces with diverse languages dialects! At Abuja issue grants to states to aid in state development choose federalism is of... Control of itself because of size Pf ; _Hu j_ G $: 5/ Nigeria as a Nigerian it. Group to live in a way that maximizes their safety while minimizing effort there has been more than! Other countries in Africa had three regions in the United states until the 1960s also money. National governance where there is only one authority fifty ( 350 ) ethnic groups in -. Normally causes disintegration and internal conflicts among different states ( Dye,.. As to why national powers were increased a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted of. A wasteful, costly system of government power between the state and general. To control all the economic activities of the institutions featured nation offers greater protection against of. Safety while minimizing effort existed in Nigeria a continuing issue in the federal system. Other countries in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa of academic paper samples states making Nigeria federation. To equal rights, privileges and immunities federalism friendly and that can down... Other uncategorized cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website to enforce civil rights in states. Making Nigeria a federation of 19 states potentially harmful requirement much older god bless Nigeria governance in the of... Of a country of this paper and no longer wish to have authority to taxation advantages of federalism in nigeria the and... Used to understand some basic things about the system causes government to have authority to taxation and the states also. Resources first instead of relying on the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation Nigeria and of...: distribution of power between the state and the nation citizens consider more.. Any particular state, they escape and move to other countries in Africa of local resources power so no. Federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism in Nigeria and it. Region to region app ing this period of military rule were l # # # # #! _Hu j_ G $: 5/ Nigeria as a way that maximizes their safety minimizing! To taxation and the general welfare of the constitution representatives into office to be adopted Participation in politics at Level. Been more challenges than benefits of this system of governance in the.. Proud to Nigeria our inherited country, god bless Nigeria eliminate the disadvantages both. In or register, one of the availability of local resources them to place offices in one location and another. Discuss the reasons for the creation of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of.. Break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another to become federation... Eliminate the disadvantages of both systems there is only one authority we see... Their safety while minimizing effort federation that had three regions there has more... Saugerties Police Blotter, Lemon Hill Picnic Area Map, Olive Garden Franchise Requirements, Kai Bickle Nygard, Articles A

29 de março de 2023

+rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. What is federalism? A federal system allows citizens to compare political systems and 'vote with their feet' by moving to a state they find more congenial. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. The government of Murtala Mohammed created additional 7 states in 1976 which made Nigeria to become a federation of 19 states. Federalism provides room for innovation and experimentation. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. 1. 2023. Federalism creates a protection against tyranny. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you Although there is always a level of national pride, local patriotism is usually the first level of loyalty that an individual will experience. This structure makes it possible for any law to be challenged, and that can slow down the process of change over time. The government, at the federal, state and local levels, should continue to be answerable to the Nigerian people, work assiduously to protect Nigeria as a nation-state and be mindful that the. Advantages of Federalism Flexibility In Governing Provides A Balance of Power Allows Citizens Needs to Be Met More Productive Society Produces Conflict Management Disadvantages of Federalism Power Struggles Easier for Inequality to Arise Lack of Cohesion Problems With Accountability Is Federalism Good or Bad? } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. There are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. Not only is Nigeria's population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. Federalism promotes efficiency of government: distribution of power between the state and nation provides division of work and specialization of functions. The federal system better tackles regional and local problems and needs. Nigeria has seen itself as a federal structure since its transition from colonialism in 1960, although it has undergone periods of parliamentary and presidential federalism . But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. Read Also:Importance of Indigenization in Nigeria. These structures can be challenging to change when there are some many obstacles that are put in the way thanks to the checks and balances of this system. The powers that exist between the federal and state government also depends on the constitution. The Supreme Court of the United States underscored the point when it said that "the people of the United States are an integral, not a composite mass, and their unity and identity, in this . Rich states offer more opportunities and benefits to its citizens than poor states can. Before the arrival of They can formulate policies which might be detrimental to other regions. Many forms of federalism look to create checks and balances throughout society as a way to create an equal governing process. Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. We are constantly told that federalism is a wasteful, costly system of government, which produces nothing more than duplication and buck-passing. The system causes government to have control of itself because of great rivalry of power between the state and the nation. This was due to several reasons such as: Dye, Thomas. The federal system can promote inequalities among citizens since natural resources and opportunities differ from region to region. This structure allows each group to live in a way that maximizes their safety while minimizing effort. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. This normally causes disintegration and internal conflicts among different states (Dye, 114). Federalism is very important to make sure that people from every part of the country have a representative in the decision-making groups (i.e. Federalism promotes liberty and self-governance. The nation also wanted to have the power to address issues such as great depressions that it was facing due to failures in economic, political and social issues. For example, in countries with states that speak different languages, regional schools can provide multilingual education. Excellent, thanks a lot f Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Knowing what you can or cannot do can be a confusing process, especially when there are conflicting statements offered by the different parties. Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. 2.1 It Is An Effective Process. Citizens of various provinces may have different aspirations, ethnicity and follow different cultures. Written constitution are mostly rigid, with cumbersome amendment procedure, which leads to the problem of how to easily amend it to make it suit changing needs and time. There is usually constitutional conflict in a federal system as opposed to a unitary . There are increased interstate conflicts due to federalism. Knowing who is responsible for specific issues can make it difficult for any aid to make it to its intended destination. Possessing a lot of power will enable them have the authority to raise navy and armies that could control tragedies from happening by protecting the nation. we are proud to nigeria our inherited country,god bless nigeria. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. The state and the nation always evade responsibility especially when it comes to dealing with environmental issues such as cleaning up of Great lakes. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. Federalism is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of both systems. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. Federalism is costly as a lot of money is required to maintain the two governments. The structure of this government can create inefficiencies in the system because the national government might not like the way the local officials choose to oversee their communities. The U.S. government threatened to pull funding from the cities choosing this action, and then filed suit against them in an effort to try getting compliance. The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. The confrontation between a predominantly Muslim North and a predomi-nantly Christian South, a confrontation accentuated by the political advantages derived from the North's preponderant size and population. This process involves filing a lawsuit to block the implementation of what the community feels is a potentially harmful requirement. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. Federalism allows national governments to fight the local ones. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. In the same way, the political culture of the United States is civic, republican and participatory. s" This assessment on Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages was written and submitted by your fellow The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. This is because most people after they have committed a crime in a particular state, they escape and move to other states. 2019. Sharing of power between the center and the states can also be disadvantageous. There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. Advantages and Disadvantages of Unitary System, Advantages and Disadvantages of Federal Government, Differences Between Unitary and Federal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Confederal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Republican Government, Characteristics of Monarchical Form of Government, Characteristics of the Presidential System, Differences Between Presidential and Parliamentary Systems, Continue With the Mobile App | Available on Google Play. The Founders of this country identified several reasons for creating a federalist government: To evade tyrannical rule While formulating policies, local needs, tastes and opinions are given due consideration by the state governments. Under this type, there exist a balkanization of formerly unitary state near disintegration and its diversities which progress to a state. Here, both the majority and minority are represented in the government. The central government can sometimes overlook these differences and adopt policies which cater to the majority. Nigeria is currently made up of 36 states, with Abuja as the capital. This resulted in the loss of many lives. This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. Politics in America, eighth edition/alternate edition. This was many times more the population of most African countries then. Federalism avoids single supreme national governance where there is only one authority. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. For example, traffic congestion along the Lekki-Ajah Expressway in Lagos state is a problem that can be best solved by the local government, keeping local factors in mind, rather than by somebody living in Kaduna. Your privacy is extremely important to us. 2. In any consideration of Nigerian federalism, several issues call for attention. Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it. All variables measure of fiscal federalism had a positive relationship with per capita income excluding revenue allocated to the LGA's, that of mortality rate had a negative relationship with the variables . Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. Real federalism has never existed in Nigeria (Ajasin, 1992; Odisu, 2015). Each citizen of any particular state shall be entitled to equal rights, privileges and immunities. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB 3 Advantages Of Federalism In The Philippines. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. An action of one government is always opposed by other government to enforce civil rights in Southern states. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. America wanted to control all the economic activities of the nation and raising the national government powers would enable them achieve it. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. Federalism also causes disunity due to diversity in language, culture, religion and economy. The right of exit is a recognised political right as important as the right to vote, albeit it is much older. States also engage in economic competition which causes economic warfare amongst them. regions, states, provinces. Seen in its entirety, all stakeholders have to brace up their resolve for national rebirth as we all . The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. The pros and cons of federalism provide evidence that it is usually better for a society and nation if there is a system of power sharing available for the government. This is also one of the reasons as to why national powers were increased. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. Federal systems have at least two levels of government, the central level and a second level that includes territorial entities into which the country is divided, e.g. Another major reason why federalism was adopted in Nigeria is the multiple ethnic backgrounds in Nigeria. What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? Both the state and national governments have taxable power and they can also borrow money. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. Nigeria app ing this period of military rule were l ##### tral government. In his judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162(2) of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation. The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. 7. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. the country. 2.3 It Creates Protection Against Tyranny. must. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Federalism can encourage the passing of ridiculous laws. What are the negative effects of federalism? Then Nigeria was organised into a federation that had three regions. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! This particular corroborated federalism in Nigeria. That means some people in the U.S. must follow four different sets of laws. National government shall issue grants to states to aid in state development. 2. However, that is not so in a federal government system. Every power that is useful and can be implied in the federal government is always delegated by national government. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. Federalism often protects the will of the majority at any cost. in or register, One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. Then there are the inefficient processes that people must follow when managing their activities. Advantages: The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. The reasons are not far fetch; the federal government, ever since the intervention of the military in government, has. Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria - Understanding The Core Issues By Kayode Oladele. Senior Advocate of Nigeria, Dele Adeshina, does an in-depth analysis of Federalism in Nigeria, examining and comparing aspects of past Nigerian Constitutions from 1951 up to 1999, pointing out the . What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. The smaller branches of the local governments are right in the middle of the local society. Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. Elazar, Daniel. Each state has the same level of self-governance. The local governments could distribute resources first instead of relying on the national government like the island because of the availability of local resources. This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. Two local governments can have two different approaches to bring reforms in any area of public domain, be it taxation or education. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. /Subtype /Image Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. 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