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His death, however, was the result of an assassination plot in 192, culminating with Narcissus killing him in the bath. The following year, Commodus became Aurelius co-emperor, and they reigned together from then until Aurelius death in 180. As a second attempt, the conspirators had Commodus wrestling partner, ironically named Narcissus, strangle Commodus in his bath. In November 192 he held the Plebian Games, in which he would use arrows and javelins to shoot hundreds of animals every morning, and then engaged in gladiator battles each afternoon. [17] He subsequently married Bruttia Crispina before accompanying his father to the Danubian front once more in 178. 180-192 AD. In 166, at the age of five, Commodus was made Caesar, along with his younger brother Marcus Annius Verus. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, about 5 Celebrity Gladiators of Bloodthirsty Ancient Rome, about Romes African Emperor: Septimius Severus and the Scottish Invasion, about Catastrophic Collapse: When Historic Good Governments Turned Bad, about Mimicking Gods and Gladiators: The Assassination Of Emperor Commodus, about The Philosopher-King of Ancient Rome: Marcus Aurelius' Imperium, about Fair-Weather Friends: A Weird Explanation for 20% of Roman Emperor Assassinations, The Lemon Grove Mummies: Ancient Corpses from Mexican Cave Found in California Garage, The Curious Apparitions of Pagan Goddesses to the German Knights Templar, Caesars Savage Human Skewers Unearthed In German Fort, The Warriors Who Shaped African History: The Horsemen of Oyo. The movie doesn't answer this, and we never got to see "Gladiator 2." Cassius Dio recorded one incident where, after becoming tired out, Commodus ordered a cup of chilled wine to him and drank it at one gulp. In an amusing anecdote, Dio continued, At this both the populace and we senators all immediately shouted out the words so familiar at drinking-bouts, Long life to you!'. In 195, the emperor Septimius Severus, trying to gain favour with the family of Marcus Aurelius, rehabilitated Commodus's memory and had the Senate deify him. He negotiated a peace settlement in Romes favor. Commodus, who is portrayed by Joaquin Phoenix, was indeed the son of Marcus Aurelius (Richard Harris) and an emperor of Rome. With a thirst for power, he ruled the Roman Empire almost 2,000 years ago, declaring himself Emperor A new anthropological study provides a strong message about what happens when social contracts are broken by a previously good government the government and the society collapses hard Commodus, the son and heir of the distinguished philosopher emperor Marcus Aurelius , was a failure as a Roman emperor. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. [5] He was the son of the reigning emperor, Marcus Aurelius, and Aurelius's first cousin, Faustina the Younger, the youngest daughter of Emperor Antoninus Pius, who had died only a few months before. Pescennius Niger mopped up the deserters in Gaul in a military campaign, and a revolt in Brittany was put down by two legions brought over from Britain. [28][29], His original name was Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus. In the same year, Pertinax unmasked a conspiracy by two enemies of Cleander Antistius Burrus (one of Commodus's brothers-in-law) and Arrius Antoninus. One of the two praetorian prefects, Publius Tarrutenius Paternus, had actually been involved in the conspiracy but his involvement was not discovered until later on, and in the aftermath, he and his colleague, Sextus Tigidius Perennis, were able to arrange for the murder of Saoterus, the hated chamberlain. The conclusion of Gladiator sees Commodus killed by Maximus in the gladiators final fight, but what are the true details of the emperors death? However, even these favorites were not safe from his fury. The emperor is dead, and it looks like Maximus' death might galvanize the already frustrated Senate to try to correct the damage Commodus inflicted during his rule. Wikimedia CommonsEmperor Commodus lust for power is widely credited with bringing an end to the fabled Pax Romana. Narration by: Alexander Dobby. Ivar the Boneless: Viking Warrior, Ruler and Raider, What is Shambhala? The poison failed, so Narcissus entered Commodus's bedchamber. Jack is a feature writer for Screen Rant. Commodus accompanied his father during the Marcomannic Wars in 172, and on a tour of the Eastern provinces in 176. Quadratus and Quintianus were executed. As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. Commodus: The general who became a slave. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Gladiator: How Commodus Died In Real Life & Who Killed Him, Gladiator: What Happened To Every Historical Character In Real Life. Maximus : You would fight me? This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Commodus. Commodus' famous gesture, which he gives when deciding the fate of defeated gladiators As Edward Gibbon noted in his famous Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, in the intervening years between the death of Domitian and the reign of Commodus, the vast extent of the Roman empire was governed by absolute power, under the guidance of virtue and wisdom. The Five Good Emperors, ruled efficiently and under them the Roman people enjoyed a rational freedom.. A former Roman General sets out to exact vengeance against the corrupt emperor who murdered his family and sent him into slavery. Commodus brought an end to his father's campaign against the Germans. Commodus lunged at the Senator. Commodus' death sparked a civil war, which eventually led to military rule that remained in place for a century and destabilized the empire. 6.7M views 8 years ago #Gladiator #Oscars #RussellCrowe After Emperor Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix) lands a lethal blow on Maximus (Russell Crowe) he is finally reunited with his wife and child as. Commodus was spoilt and decadent and his decadence led to the decline of the empire. Commodus's death is an example of how the film has historical references but often distorts them to create its narrative Gladiator's Commodus being less power-hungry than his historical counterpart refocuses the movie around Maximus' personal struggle rather than the wider Roman political landscape. In the spring of 190, Rome was afflicted by a food shortage, for which the praefectus annonae Papirius Dionysius, the official actually in charge of the grain supply, contrived to lay the blame on Cleander. With each breathtaking scene, the complex culture of world that created and adored these bloody games between man and beast comes into clear focus. But wait, wasn't Commodus killed by a Gladiator? Condianus and Maximus were executed on the pretext that while they were not implicated in any plots, their wealth and talent would make them unhappy with the current state of affairs. The gladiator who defied an emperor. [6][7] The latter died in 169 having failed to recover from an operation, which left Commodus as Marcus Aurelius's sole surviving son. Sources diverge on the origins of the conspiracy, with some claiming Lucilla was jealous of Commodus wife Crispina (incest between Commodus and Lucilla is suggested in Gladiator) while others maintain she saw the first warning signs of her brothers mental instability. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Striking story! The ancient Greek city of Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, was home to the main Temple of Apollo and the renowned Oracle of Delphi. Commodus orders 150 days of gladiatorial combat, ostensibly to commemorate his late father, while in reality attempting to distract the populace from the Senate's corruption and the rampant plague epidemics. He is best known to history as the assassin of the Roman Emperor Commodus, by whom he was employed as a wrestling partner[2][3] and personal trainer in order to train Commodus for his self-indulgent appearances in the Colosseum as a gladiator. Early in 188, Cleander disposed of the current praetorian prefect, Atilius Aebutianus, and took over supreme command of the Praetorian Guard at the new rank of a pugione ("dagger-bearer"), with two praetorian prefects subordinate to him. Did you realise that "Gladiator" was a revamp of the 1960's movie "THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE" starring Sir Alec Guiness, Sophia Loren, Christopher Plummer, Steven Boyd and Omar Sharif? Was this German silver mine really defended by two Roman forts and a line of "spike defenses? On 27 November 176, Marcus Aurelius bestowed the title of Imperator on Commodus and in summer 177 he made him a full joint emperor by giving him the title of Augustus. The powerful ending of "Gladiator" makes it one of those movies guaranteed to make anyone cry, but it's also oddly satisfying. "Commodus' progeny will rule Rome!" "Back!" yelled the Praetorian guard. The character is, however, portrayed fictionally in Gladiator, and his death during Maximus final fight in the Colosseum is an example of the films historical inaccuracy. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. He was appointed co-emperor of Rome and ruled alongside his father when he Marcus Aurelius is famed for various accomplishmentshis title as the last of the Five Good Emperors; his extensive study of and literary accomplishments in the field of Stoicism; and, last but not Long bouts of bad weather have been blamed as a cause for the downfall of ancient civilizations around the world. The historian Herodian, a contemporary, described Commodus as an extremely handsome man. @Roberto Peron, No, Marcus Aurelius was a philosopher (Stoic) the last of the 5 "Good Emperors" and maintained the "Pax Romana). Despite Maximus being a fictional character, the athlete Narcissus is one of the multiple historical figures serving as the likely inspiration for Gladiator's protagonist. An inscribed altar from Dura-Europos on the Euphrates shows that Commodus's titles and the renaming of the months were disseminated to the furthest reaches of the Empire; moreover, that even auxiliary military units received the title Commodiana, and that he claimed two additional titles: Pacator Orbis (pacifier of the world) and Dominus Noster (Our Lord). [32] As mentioned above, he ordered many statues to be made showing him dressed as Hercules with a lion's hide and a club. Top Image: Bust of Commodus, 17th Emperor of the Roman Empire. The consensus was that it was below his office to participate as a gladiator. The breaking point and Commodus' real death. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. The Horsemen of Oyo were legendary warriors who served the Oyo Empire of West Africa. This horrified the Roman people. The executions of the senators had whet his appetite for blood and he devoted himself to combats of wild beasts and of men. Not merely content to hunt in private, the emperor began to perform in the Colosseum itself, competing as a gladiator to the delight of the crowds and horror of the senate, as depicted in Gladiator. As promised in another well-known speech, Maximus does indeed have his revenge on father-/emperor-/wife-/child-killer Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix). In 180 AD, Marcus Aurelius died, leaving Commodus as sole Emperor of Rome. According to Cassius Dio, Commodus once killed 100 lions in a single day. His recorded actions do tend to show a rejection of his father's policies, his father's advisers, and especially his father's austere lifestyle, and an alienation from the surviving members of his family. Cleander was in fact the person who had murdered Saoterus. His brutal misrule precipitated civil strife that ended 84 years of stability and prosperity within the empire. One of these is Commodus' relationship with his sister Lucilla. Gladiator movie clips: http://j.mp/1Je0zMpBUY THE MOVIE: http://amzn.to/v7o2YKDon't miss the HOTTEST NEW TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/1u2y6prCLIP DESCRIPTION:Afte. In addition to Galens medical attention and treatment, Commodus was also highly educated, with little focus on military training. Only a famous death will do. A gladiator, a god to his people, and eventually the man behind the collapse of over 80 years of Roman peace, Commodus was anything but one strict thing. Lucius joined Marcus in his campaign against invading German tribes along the Danube, but after the death of Marcus (March 180) he quickly came to terms with the Germans. Ser. He wanted to avenge the deaths of his wife and son, as well as clear the way for the Senate to restore order in Rome. Commodus subsequently accompanied his father on a lengthy trip to the Eastern provinces, during which he visited Antioch. [16] On 1 January 177, Commodus became consul for the first time, which made him, aged 15, the youngest consul up to that time (the minimum age for the consulship was around 30). Commodus was inaugurated in 183 as consul with Aufidius Victorinus for a colleague and assumed the title Pius. When Commodus ordered for the death of Maximus and his family, the Romans could not reject that request. Before his death, the Emperor chooses Maximus to be his heir over his own son, Commodus, and a power struggle leaves . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Husband of Ceionia Fabia: Levick (2014), p. 164. First, she attempted to kill him by poisoning his food. Fortunately for movie posterity, Scott came up with the idea for the gladiator's death scene during filming. The Emperor Commodus Leaving the Arena at the Head of the Gladiators (detail) by Edwin Blashfield (18481936), Hermitage Museum and Gardens, Norfolk, Virginia. Alternate titles: Caesar Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus, Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus. To help answer that question, here are five of the key elements of the story and their historical precedents. But now, the people want to know how the story ends. Her motive is alleged to have been the envy of the Empress Crispina. During the preparations for the campaign against Cassius, Commodus assumed his toga virilis on the Danubian front on 7 July 175, thus formally entering adulthood. Commodus was a spoiled, narcissistic young man who was something of an embarrassment to his father. Flamma. [45] On other occasions, Commodus killed three elephants on the floor of the arena by himself,[46] and a giraffe.[47]. Wikimedia CommonsAn illustration of the murder of Commmodus. The film's ending a fight to the death between Maximus and Commodus, fixed beforehand by the latter literally stabbing him in the back is a magnificent fulfillment of the film's arc for . In AD 191, he took over more of the reins of power, though he continued to rule through a cabal consisting of Marcia, his new chamberlain Eclectus, and the new praetorian prefect Quintus Aemilius Laetus. The gladiator who defied an emperor. fascinating facts from the entirety of ancient history. Composite Character: Maximus, compared to real life. Now at the zenith of his power, Cleander continued to sell public offices as his private business. [25], Cassius Dio, a first-hand witness, describes him as "not naturally wicked but, on the contrary, as guileless as any man that ever lived. Commodus was also known for fighting exotic animals in the arena, often to the horror and disgust of the Roman populace. Commodus mistress, Marcia, played an important role in his assassination. It is the type of death indicative of Commodus notoriety as an emperor, which is fundamental to Gladiators plot, but the film is imaginative in its depiction of his death to provide closure to Maximus. But once Marcus Aurelius died in 180 A.D. (of natural causes, not at his sons own hand, as depicted in Gladiator), Commodus hastily made peace with the tribes so he could return to Rome to enjoy the pleasure of the capital with the servile and profligate youths whom Marcus had banished, but who soon regained their station and influence about the emperor., Despite his unusual personal tastes, Commodus at first behaved more like a typical spoiled, rich youth than a bloody dictator. Power struggle leaves beasts and of men can pursue as human beings is beginnings! Not reject that request Died, leaving Commodus as an extremely handsome man an role. Sister Lucilla know if you have suggestions to improve this article was most recently revised and updated by,:... Wikimedia CommonsEmperor Commodus lust for power is widely credited with bringing an end to the provinces. Phoenix ) so Narcissus entered Commodus & # x27 ; Real death and a power struggle leaves Lucilla! 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